However, because of the changing nature of conflict, this principle is eroding among armed forces and groups and children are often killed and injured in the course of military operations, including in cross-fire, aerial bombardment and shelling. The humanitarian principles of distinction and proportionality require fighters to distinguish between combatants and civilians, and they prohibit civilian damage beyond the scope of military advantage. The prohibition of violence to civilians, including children, in particular murder, mutilation, cruel treatment and torture is a principle of customary international law, with universal applicability in all situations of armed conflict. The right of civilians not to be arbitrarily deprived of life and the prohibitions against killing or maiming civilians are principles firmly enshrined in international humanitarian law, international human rights law and international jurisprudence. Parties to conflict must protect children from being killed, maimed or injured. The killing and maiming of children is a trigger to list parties to armed conflict in the annexes of the annual report of the Secretary-General on children and armed conflict. Ending and preventing these violations is also the focus of the Special Representative’s work and advocacy. The six grave violations form the basis of the Council’s architecture to monitor, report and respond to abuses suffered by children in times of war. Killing and maiming children during conflict is one of the six grave violations identified and condemned by the UN Security Council . Voices for Children Affected by Conflict.ACT TO PROTECT children affected by conflict.Virtual Summer School on Child Protection in Armed Conflict.
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